“Ambush” defences	3.100-3.106
Committal hearings	3.9-3.11, 3.90
Concealing serious offences	2.25
Current position
Pre-trial disclosure
England, Wales	3.41-3.53
New South Wales	3.2-3.6, 3.8, 3.12-3.16, 3.18-3.25
Other Australian jurisdictions	3.27-3.40
United States	3.54-3.57
Silence at trial
Canada	4.23-4.24
England, Wales	4.25-4.33
New South Wales	4.10-4.19
Other Australian jurisdictions	4.21
Silence when questioned by police
Canada	2.27
England, Wales	2.30-2.42, 2.79, 2.105-2.114
Ireland	2.29
New South Wales	2.9-2.14, 2.24
Other Australian jurisdictions	2.26
United States	2.28
Efficiency of the criminal justice system
Pre-trial disclosure	3.90-3.92, 3.107-3.108
Silence when questioned by police
Impact of changes in England and Wales	2.79-2.80
New South Wales	2.72-2.80
Empirical evidence
Incidence of pre-trial disclosure	3.7, 3.17, 3.20-21, 3.25
Incidence of silence at trial	4.20
Incidence of silence when questioned by police	2.15, 2.43
Other research
Police station	2.63-2.71
Pre-trial disclosure	3.90, 3.92, 3.100-3.102, 3.105, 3.107
Trial	4.54, 4.66-4.70
History of the right to silence
At trial	4.3-4.9
When questioned by police	2.3-2.7
International law	2.134-2.135, 3.89, 3.109, 4.33, 4.76
Juries	2.100-2.102, 4.60-4.62, 4.82
Legal advice
At trial	4.63-4.68
Police questioning	2.69-2.71, 2.75, 2.86-2.91, 2.139
Pre-trial disclosure	3.113-3.114, 3.120-3.123
Misuse of pre-trial disclosure	3.93, 3.95-3.96, 3.116
Police
Caution	2.131-2.133
Covert investigations	2.17
Disclosure to suspects being questioned	2.124, 2.76
Investigative powers	2.18-2.2.20
Misconduct	2.95, 2.97
Protections against misconduct	2.81-2.99
Previous inquiries
Pre-trial disclosure
Australia	3.60-3.65, 3.67-3.84
United Kingdom	3.66
Right to silence at trial
Australia	4.34-4.37
United Kingdom	4.38-4.42
Right to silence when questioned by police
Australia	2.45-2.54
United Kingdom	2.55-2.59
Principle
Burden of proof	2.130-2.133, 2.138, 3.109-3.111, 4.64, 4.74-4.75
Constitutional protection	2.27-2.2.29, 4.22
Presumption innocence	2.130, 3.109-3.111, 4.64, 4.74-4.75
Relevance of silence	4.53-4.59
Royal Commission into NSW Police Service	2.21-2.23
Sensitive and confidential material	3.94-3.96, 3.115-3.116, 3.148-3.150
Serious fraud
Investigative regimes	2.44
Pre-trial disclosure	3.51-3.53
Unsworn evidence	4.71-4.73
Vulnerable suspects and defendants
Age	2.119, 4.66
Cultural factors	2.118
Effects of drugs/alcohol	2.123
Gender	2.119
Intellectual disability	2.120-2.121, 4.66
Non-English speaking background	2.123, 4.66
Psychological factors	2.117, 4.68
Witnesses
Disclosure by defence
Alibi witnesses	3.19-3.20, 3.32, 3.35, 3.38-3.39, 3.44, 3.57
Expert witnesses	3.23, 3.28, 3.40, 3.50, 3.118-3.119, 3.134
Disclosure by prosecution
Expert witnesses	3.21, 3.23, 3.28, 3.40, 3.50, .118-3.119, 3.134